Tsarin kayan aikin gyaran najasa na gari ya kamata ya zama yadda yake tare da kayan haɗi.

Ya kamata a yi la'akari da tsarin tsaftace najasa mai kyau na gari bisa ga yawan jama'a, yanayin ƙasa, yanayin tattalin arziki da sauran dalilai, sannan a zaɓi kayan aikin tsaftace najasa da suka dace da kuma haɗakar da ta dace. Grille shine mataki na farko a tsarin tsaftace najasa, wanda ake amfani da shi don toshe manyan abubuwa masu ƙarfi. Ana iya raba grille zuwa grille mai kauri da grille mai kyau, grille mai kauri galibi ana amfani da shi don toshe manyan abubuwa da aka dakatar, kamar ganye, jakunkunan filastik; grille mai kauri galibi ana amfani da shi don toshe ƙananan abubuwa da aka dakatar, kamar laka, tarkace, da sauransu. Ana amfani da tankin sanya yashi don cire barbashin yashi da barbashin da ba su da tsari sosai a cikin najasa. Gabaɗaya, an sanya wani ma'aunin tankin zubar da ruwa a cikin tankin zubar da ruwa, da kuma nauyin kwararar najasa. Babban tankin zubar da ruwa muhimmin bangare ne na tsarin tsaftace najasa, wanda ake amfani da shi don cire abubuwan da aka dakatar da wasu abubuwa na halitta a cikin najasa.

Babban tankin zubar da ruwa yana sanya abin da aka dakatar ya tsaya a ƙasa ta hanyar ruwan sama na halitta ko goge laka, sannan ya ratsa ta cikin kayan aikin fitar da laka. Tankin zubar da ruwa na halitta shine babban ɓangaren tsarin tsaftace najasa, wanda ake amfani da shi don lalata abubuwan halitta da kuma cire gurɓatattun abubuwa kamar ammonia nitrogen da phosphorus. Ana noma ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban gabaɗaya a cikin wurin tattara ruwa na halitta, gami da ƙwayoyin cuta masu motsa jiki da ƙwayoyin cuta masu hana ruwa, waɗanda zasu iya canza kwayoyin halitta zuwa abubuwa marasa lahani ta hanyar aikin metabolism na ƙwayoyin cuta. Tankin zubar da ruwa na biyu tankin zubar da ruwa ne bayan tankin amsawar halittu, wanda ake amfani da shi don raba sludge da aka kunna a cikin tankin amsawar halittu daga ruwan da aka yi wa magani. Tankin zubar da ruwa na biyu yana goge sludge da aka kunna zuwa yankin tattara laka na tsakiya ta hanyar scraper sludge ko injin tsotsar laka, sannan ana mayar da sludge da aka kunna zuwa tankin amsawar halittu ta hanyar kayan aikin reflux sludge. Ana amfani da kayan aikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin najasa. Hanyoyin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da maganin chlorination da disinfection ozone.

Baya ga kayan aikin tsaftace najasa da aka ambata a sama, akwai wasu kayan aiki na taimako, kamar injin hura iska, injin haɗawa, famfon ruwa da sauransu. Waɗannan na'urori suna taka rawa daban-daban a cikin tsarin tsaftace najasa, kamar samar da iskar oxygen, haɗa najasa, ɗaga najasa, da sauransu.

Lokacin zaɓar da daidaita kayan aikin tsaftace najasa, muna buƙatar la'akari da halayen garin da kuma ainihin yanayin garin. Misali, ga yankunan da ke da ƙarancin yawan jama'a da kuma wurare masu rikitarwa, ana iya zaɓar ƙananan kayan aikin tsaftace najasa da na zamani don sauƙin sufuri da shigarwa; ga yankunan da ke da yanayi mai kyau na tattalin arziki, ana iya zaɓar kayan aiki masu fasaha mai ci gaba da ingantaccen aiki. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a yi la'akari da kuɗin kulawa da aiki na kayan aiki, da kuma sauƙin aiki da amincin su.